In terms of observation, recognition, image shaping and expression techniques, Chinese painting reflects the traditional Chinese philosophy and aesthetics. In the observation and recognition of objective things, it adopts the method of seeing the big from the small and seeing the big from the small, and observes and recognizes objective things in activities. It can even directly participate in things, rather than doing the appearance or limiting to a fixed point. It permeates people's social consciousness, so that painting has the cognitive role of "thousands of years of loneliness, drawing can be learned", and plays an educational role of "evil to warn the world, good to show the future"

Even pure natural objective objects such as landscapes, flowers and birds are consciously linked with people's social consciousness and aesthetic taste in the observation, understanding and performance. They express their feelings by scenery and express their aspirations based on things, reflecting the Chinese concept of "harmony between heaven and man". In the creation of Chinese painting, attention is paid to conception, meaning first and image thinking, and the subjective and objective unity of artistic image. In modeling, it is not limited to the superficial resemblance, but stresses "the beauty lies in the resemblance and non resemblance" and "the non resemblance". The shaping of its image is based on the expression of the image and the subjective feelings of the painter

Therefore, we can discard the parts that are not essential or have little connection with the features of the images, and we can use exaggeration or even deformation to depict those parts that can reflect the features of the expressions. In terms of composition, Chinese painting emphasizes management. It is not based on a fixed space or time, but in a flexible way, it breaks the restrictions of time and space, rearranges objects in different time and space, according to the painter's subjective feelings and the rules of artistic creation, and constructs a space-time realm in the painter's mind. As a result, people from ancient and modern times can appear in the same picture when it is sunny, rainy, snowy, and in four seasons. Therefore, in perspective, it is not limited to focus perspective, but adopts multi point or scattered point perspective, moving up and down, left and right, back and forth, viewing objects, and managing composition, which has great freedom and flexibility. At the same time, in the composition of a painting, we should pay attention to the contrast between the virtual and the real. We should pay attention to "sparse can walk" and "dense can not breathe". Chinese painting, with its unique brush and ink skills as a means of expression, depicts the shape, bone technique, texture, light and dark, and mood and charm of objects in the form of dots, lines, and surfaces

The brush and ink here are not only the skills of expressing feelings, but also the carrier of objects. At the same time, they are also meaningful forms. Their traces reflect the interest of Chinese calligraphy and have independent aesthetic value. Since the image surface is not very similar, Chinese painting can not only use black ink, but also use color or combination of ink to describe objects. Later, ink and wash accounts for a larger proportion. Now some people even call Chinese painting ink and wash painting. The ink used by him emphasizes the five colors of the ink, so that the amount of water mixed in, the speed of using the brush, and the length and size of the brush strokes are different, resulting in the ever-changing brush and ink skills and the rich and varied light and dark tones. At the same time, ink can be combined with color, and ink does not hinder color, color does not hinder ink, forming a variety of complementary ink colors. In the traditional Chinese painting, which focuses on color, we emphasize "color according to the category", and focus on the solid color of the object. Light source and environmental color are not important, and are generally not considered. But for some special needs, sometimes we can boldly adopt some exaggerated or assumed colors. Chinese painting, especially the literati painting, emphasizes the homology of calligraphy and painting in the creation, and pays attention to the personality and quality of the painter himself. The organic combination of poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing is emphasized in specific works, and the painter's understanding of society, life and art is expressed by inscribing poetry postscript on the screen, which not only deepens the theme, but also is an organic part of the screen

Chinese painting has its own system in the world art field. It can be roughly divided into:; People, landscapes, boundary paintings, flowers, fruits, feathers, animals, insects and fish, etc; There are fine brushwork, freehand brushwork, Goule, color setting, ink painting and other techniques. Color setting can be divided into several types, such as emerald, large and small green, boneless, splash color, light color, light color, etc. The change of lines and ink color is mainly used to describe the image and business position by means of hook, chap, dot, dye, thick, light, dry, wet, yin, yang, direction, back, empty, solid, sparse, dense and blank; The shooting layout has a wide view and does not stick to focus perspective. There are murals, screen scrolls, scrolls, albums, fans and other painting forms, which are decorated with traditional mounting techniques. The figure painting gradually matured from the late Zhou Dynasty to the Han Wei Dynasty and the Six Dynasties

Landscape, flower, bird and animal painting began to form an independent painting branch in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The schools of the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty competed, and ink painting became popular, and landscape painting became a big branch. Literati painting had developed in the Song Dynasty, and became popular in the Yuan Dynasty; The Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern times continued to develop, with an increasing emphasis on expressing one's will and smoothing one's mind. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Tang Dynasty and the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was successively influenced by Buddhist art and western painting art. Chinese painting emphasizes "learning from nature and getting the source of mind", requires that "the pen should be kept in mind and the painting should be done with the intention", emphasizes the melting of things and the creation of artistic conception, so as to achieve the goal of writing the spirit with shape, both shape and spirit, and vivid charm. Because calligraphy and painting are of the same origin, and both of them have a close connection with the use of bone strokes and lines in expressing feelings, painting, calligraphy and seal cutting influence each other, forming a significant artistic feature. The tools and materials for painting are specially made pens, inkstones, paper, inkstones and silk. Modern Chinese painting has made breakthroughs and developed in inheriting tradition and absorbing foreign techniques